DEVELOPMENT PHASE OF ARCS MODEL OF MOTIVATIONAL DESIGN

What Are the Elements of Learner Motivation?

• How do you keep your students motivated?
• What are some of your favorite tactics?
• Are there lessons that you really like to teach because you know there are interesting things for the students to do?
• Are there other lessons that both you and the learners find to be boring?

ARCS CATEGORIES

ARCS Design Process

The ARCS motivational design process is a systematic problem solving approach that requires knowledge of human motivation and progresses from learner analysis to solution design. More specifically, the process includes:

 

• Knowing and identifying the elements of human motivation,
• Analyzing audience characteristics to determine motivational requirements,
• Identifying characteristics of instructional materials and processes that stimulate motivation,
• Selecting appropriate motivational tactics, and
• Applying and evaluating appropriate tactics.

You can read more about the ARCS model here

 Applying the ARCS model in Instructional Design

Attention – Attention can be gained in two ways: (1) Perceptual arousal – uses surprise or uncertainly to gain interest. Uses novel, surprising, incongruous, and uncertain events; or (2) Inquiry arousal – stimulates curiosity by posing challenging questions or problems to be solved.
Methods for grabbing the learners’ attention:

• ✓ Adopt strategies such as games or role-play to get learners involved with the material or subject matter
• ✓ Use a variety of methods to present material
• ✓ Maintain interest by using a small amount of humor ,but not too much to be distracting
• ✓ Use visual stimuli or a story
• ✓ Pose questions or problems for the learners to solve

Relevance – Establish relevance in order to increase a learner’s motivation. To do this, use concrete language and examples with which the learners are familiar.
Some major strategies described by Keller include:

• ✓ Explain purpose of content
• ✓Present goals for learner to select
• ✓Ask learner to select own goals

Confidence –

• ✓Help students understand their likelihood for success. If they feel they cannot meet the objectives or that the cost (time or effort) is too high, their motivation will decrease.
• ✓Help learners estimate the probability of success by presenting performance requirements and evaluation criteria. Ensure the learners are aware of performance requirements and evaluative criteria.
• ✓Allow for small steps of growth during the learning process.
• ✓Provide feedback and support internal attributions for success.
• ✓Learners should feel some degree of control over their learning and assessment. They should believe that their success is a direct result of the amount of effort they have put forth.

Satisfaction -

• ✓Learning must be rewarding or satisfying in some way.
• ✓Make the learner feel as though the skill is useful or beneficial by providing opportunities to use newly acquired knowledge in a real setting.
• ✓Provide feedback and reinforcement. When learners appreciate the results, they will be motivated to learn. Satisfaction is based upon motivation, which can be intrinsic or extrinsic.
• ✓Do not patronize the learner by over-rewarding easy tasks.

An example of a learning tool that is satisfing and rewarding, makes the learner feel as though the skill is beneficial and provides feedback and reinforcement is an online game called Freerice.  Freerice is the world’s only online game that allows you to raise rice for the hungry, while you learn. For every correct answer you choose, 10 grains of rice are donated to the World Food Programme to help in their fight against hunger worldwide.  To try it out here is the link:

http://www.freerice.com/#/english-vocabulary/1488  

Steps to action with Instructional Design Plan

ENGAGING STUDENTS IN THE FACE-TO-FACE ENVIRONMENT OF THE TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM

USING I-CLICKERS

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